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Run idnits with the --verbose option for more detailed information about the items above. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Network Working Group Iftekhar Hussain 2 Abinder Dhillon 3 Zhong Pan 4 Marco Sosa 5 Internet Draft Infinera 6 Intended status: Standard Track July 25, 2011 7 Expires: January 2012 9 Generalized Label for Super-Channel Assignment on Flexible Grid 10 draft-hussain-ccamp-super-channel-label-00.txt 12 Abstract 14 To enable scaling of existing transport systems to ultra high data 15 rates of 1 Tbps and beyond, next generation systems providing super- 16 channel switching capability are currently being developed. To allow 17 efficient allocation of optical spectral bandwidth for such high bit 18 rate systems, International Telecommunication Union 19 Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is extending the 20 G.694.1 grid standard (termed "Fixed-Grid") to include flexible grid 21 (termed "Flex-Grid") support. This necessitates definition of new 22 label format for the Flex-Grid. This document defines a super- 23 channel label as a Super-Channel Identifier and an associated list 24 of contiguous or non-contiguous set of 12.5 GHz slices representing 25 optical spectrum of the super-channel. The label information can be 26 encoded using a fixed length or variable length format. This label 27 format can be used in GMPLS signaling and routing protocol to 28 establish super-channel based optical label switched paths (LSPs). 30 Status of this Memo 32 This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the 33 provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. 35 Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering 36 Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that 37 other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet- 38 Drafts. 40 Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six 41 months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents 42 at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as 43 reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." 44 The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at 45 http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt 47 The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at 48 http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html 50 This Internet-Draft will expire on January 25, 2012. 52 Copyright Notice 54 Copyright (c) 2011 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the 55 document authors. All rights reserved. 57 This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal 58 Provisions Relating to IETF Documents 59 (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of 60 publication of this document. Please review these documents 61 carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with 62 respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this 63 document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in 64 Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without 65 warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License. 67 Table of Contents 69 1. Introduction...................................................2 70 2. Terminology....................................................5 71 3. Motivation for Super-Channel Label.............................5 72 3.1. Flex-Grid Slice Numbering.................................5 73 3.2. Super-Channel Label.......................................6 74 3.2.1. Super-Channel Label Encoding Format..................8 75 4. Security Considerations.......................................12 76 5. IANA Considerations...........................................12 77 6. References....................................................12 78 6.1. Normative References.....................................12 79 6.2. Informative References...................................12 80 7. Acknowledgments...............................................13 81 Appendix A. Super-Channel Label Format Example...................14 83 1. Introduction 85 Future transport systems are expected to support service upgrades to 86 data rates of 1 Tbps and beyond. To scale networks beyond 100Gbps, 87 multi-carrier super-channels coupled with advanced multi-level 88 modulation formats and flexible channel spectrum bandwidth 89 allocation schemes have become pivotal for future spectral efficient 90 transport network architectures [1,2]. 92 A super-channel represents an ultra high aggregate capacity channel 93 containing multiple carriers which are co-routed through the network 94 as a single entity from the source transceiver to the sink 95 transceiver [3]. By multiplexing multiple carriers, modulating each 96 carrier with multi-level advanced modulation formats (such as PM- 97 QPSK, PM-8QAM, PM-16QAM), allocating an appropriate-sized flexible 98 channel spectral bandwidth slot, and using a coherent receiver for 99 detecting closely packed sub-carriers, a super-channel can support 100 ultra high data rates in a spectrally efficient manner while 101 maintaining required system reach. Figure 1 contrasts channel 102 spectrum bandwidth allocation schemes for various bit rate optical 103 paths on fixed-grid (G.694.1) and flex-grid. ITU-T fixed-grid 104 permits allocation of channel spectrum bandwidth in "single" fixed- 105 sized slots (e.g., 50GHz, 100GHz etc) independent of the channel bit 106 rate. In contrast, a flex-grid can allocate "arbitrary" size channel 107 spectral bandwidth as an integer multiple of 12.5 GHz fine 108 granularity contiguous slices depending on channel bit rate. This 109 means, a flex-grid can support multiple data rates channels (optical 110 paths) in a spectrally efficient manner as it allocates appropriate- 111 sized spectrum bandwidth slots, as opposed to fixed-sized slots. 113 ITU-T G.694.1 114 Center frequency (f) = 193.1 THz 116 n=-3 n=-2 n=-1 n=0 n=+1 n=+2 118 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 119 ... | | | | | | ... 120 | | | | | | | | | | | 121 +--------+-------+-------+-------+-------+--- 122 <-- --> <-- --> 123 50 GHz 50 GHz 125 ^ ^ 126 | n=-2 | n= +1 127 | | 128 +------+ +------+ 129 |50 GHz| |50 GHz| 130 +------+ +------+ 132 (10 Gbps channel) (40Gbps channel) 133 (a fixed 50GHz chunk) (a fixed 50GHz chunk) 135 (a) 137 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 138 | | | | | + +| 139 ... |-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-| |+|+|+|+|+|+|+|+|+|1|1| ... 140 |8|7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|0|1| 141 ---+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+--- 143 ^ ^ ^ 144 |<-- 200 GHz -->|<- ->| 145 | | 50GHz | 146 +-------------------------------+-------+ 147 | 1 Tbps super-channel |100Gbps| 148 | 16 slices of 12.5 GHz |Channel| 149 | |4slices| 150 +-------------------------------+-------+ 152 (b) 154 Figure 1 ITU-T (a) 50 GHz fixed-grid (G.694.1) (b) 12.5 GHz granular 155 flex-grid 157 2. Terminology 159 The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL 160 NOT","SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in 161 this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 162 [RFC2119]. 164 3. Motivation for Super-Channel Label 166 [RFC3471] defines new forms of MPLS "label" for the optical domain 167 that are collectively referred to as a "generalized label". 168 [RFC6205] defines a standard wavelength label based on ITU-T fixed- 169 grids ([G.694.1] and [G.694.2]) for use by Lambda-Switch-Capable 170 (LSC) LSRs. 172 A new label format for super-channels assignment on flex-grid is 173 needed because the existing label formats (such as the waveband 174 switching label defined in RFC3471 and the wavelength label defined 175 in RFC6205) either lack necessary fields to carry required flex-grid 176 related information (e.g., channel spacing) or do not allow 177 signaling of arbitrary flexible-size optical spectral bandwidth in 178 an efficient manner (e.g., in terms of integer multiple of fine 179 granularity 12.5GHz slices). For example, 181 o Waveband switching label format (defined in section 3.3.1 of 182 RFC3471) lacks fields to carry necessary information to support 183 flex-grid. 185 o Wavelength label allows signaling of single fixed-size optical 186 spectrum bandwidth slot only. 188 o Wavelength label does not allow signaling of arbitrary flexible- 189 size optical spectrum bandwidth needed for super-channels 190 assignment on flex-grid. 192 3.1. Flex-Grid Slice Numbering 194 Figure 2 (a) shows a 50 GHz ITU-T G.694.1 grid based on nominal 195 central frequency (193.1 THz). In G.694.1, given a channel spacing 196 (C.S) value and a value "n", the desired wavelength frequency can 197 calculated as follows: 199 Frequency (THz) = 193.1 THz + n * channel spacing (THz). 201 Where "n" is a two's-complement integer (i.e., positive, negative, 202 or 0) and "channel spacing" can be 0.0125, 0.025, 0.05, or 0.1 THz. 204 Figure 2 (b) shows a 12.5 GHz flex-grid with its nominal central 205 frequency (193.1 THz) aligned with ITU-T G.694.1 nominal central 206 frequency and with each 12.5 GHz slice represented by the "left- 207 edge". Given the left edge frequency of a slice, one can calculate 208 the value of n i.e., slice number as follows: 210 Frequency (THz) = 193.1 THz + n * channel spacing (THz). 212 Where "n" is a two's-complement integer (i.e., positive, negative, 213 or 0) and "channel spacing" can be 0.0125 THz in this case. For 214 example, slice number 0 is denoted by its left-edge frequency i.e., 215 f= 193.1 THz, slice number 1 is represented by its left edge 216 frequency of 193.1125 THz (193.1 THz + 0.0125 THz) and so on. 218 3.2. Super-Channel Label 220 In order to setup an optical path manual or dynamically, we need a 221 way to identify and reserve resources (i.e., signal optical spectral 222 bandwidth for the super-channel) along the optical path. For this 223 purpose, this document defines a super-channel label as consisting 224 of a Super-Channel Identifier and an associated list of contiguous 225 or non-contiguous set of 12.5 GHz slices representing arbitrary size 226 optical spectrum of the super-channel (Note: in the future, slice 227 granularity could be 6.25 GHz). 229 ITU-T G.694.1 230 Center frequency (f) = 193.1 THz 232 n=-1 n=-1 n=0 n=+1 n=+2 234 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 235 ... | | | | | ... 236 | | | | | 237 ---+-------+-------+-------+-------+--- 238 <-- --> | 239 50 GHz | 240 | 241 (a) | 242 | 243 | 244 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 245 | | | | | 246 ... |-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-| |+|+|+|+|+|+|+| ... 247 |8|7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7| 248 ---+-------+-------+-------+-------+--- 249 ^ ^ 250 | | 251 | | 252 +-----------------------+ 253 | A super-channel with | 254 | Spectral BW = 150 GHz | 255 |(12 slices of 12.5 GHz)| 256 | | 257 | n_start= -7 | 258 | n_end = +4 | 259 | | 260 | (see label encoding | 261 | format for details) | 262 +-----------------------+ 264 (b) 266 Figure 2 ITU-T (a) 50 GHz fixed-grid (G.694.1) (b) 12.5 GHs flex- 267 grid with its nominal central frequency aligned with the ITU-T 268 G.694.1 nominal central frequency 270 3.2.1. Super-Channel Label Encoding Format 272 This section describes two options (option A and B) for encoding 273 super-channel label by making extensions to waveband switching 274 label[RFC3471] and wavelength label [RFC6205] formats. 276 o Option A: Encode super-channel label as a first slice number of 277 the grid (denoted as "n_start of Grid") plus the entire list of 278 slices in the grid as a Bitmap 280 0 1 2 3 282 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 284 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ 286 | Super-Channel Id (16-bit) |Grid | C.S. | Reserved (9-bit)| 288 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ 290 | n_start of Grid (16-bit) |Num of Slices in Grid (16-bit) | 292 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ 294 |Bitmap Word #1(first set of 32 slices from the left most edge) | 296 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ 298 |Bitmap Word #2 (next set of 32 contiguous slice numbers) | 300 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ 302 | | 304 ... 306 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ 308 |Bitmap Word #N(last set of 32 contiguous slice numbers) | 310 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ 312 Where: 314 Super-Channel Id: 16 bits 315 This field represents a logical identifier for a super-channel. 316 To disambiguate waveband switching and super-channel label 317 applications, we propose to rename the Waveband Identifier (32- 318 bit) as a super-channel Identifier (16-bit). 320 Grid: 3 bits 322 This field indicates the Grid type. The value for Grid should be 323 set to xx (to be assigned by IANA) for the ITU-T flex-grid based 324 on ongoing [G.694.1] standard flex-grid extensions. 326 +----------------+---------+ 327 | Grid | Value | 328 +----------------+---------+ 329 | Reserved | 0 | 330 +----------------+---------+ 331 |ITU-T DWDM | 1 | 332 +----------------+---------+ 333 |ITU-T CWDM | 2 | 334 +----------------+---------+ 335 |ITU-T Flex-Grid | xx (TBD)| 336 +----------------+---------+ 337 |Future use | 3 - 7 | 338 +----------------+---------+ 340 C.S. (channel spacing): 4 bits 342 This field should be set to a value of 4 to indicate 12.5 GHz in 343 both labels. ITU-T G694.1 has currently defined following DWDM 344 channel spacing. 346 +----------+---------+ 347 |C.S. (GHz)| Value | 348 +----------+---------+ 349 | Reserved | 0 | 350 +----------+---------+ 351 | 100 | 1 | 352 +----------+---------+ 353 | 50 | 2 | 354 +----------+---------+ 355 | 25 | 3 | 356 +----------+---------+ 357 | 12.5 | 4 | 358 +----------+---------+ 359 |Future use| 5 - 15 | 360 +----------+---------+ 361 n_start of Grid: 16-bit 363 This field indicates the first slice number in Grid for the 364 band being referenced (i.e., the start of the or the left most 365 edge of the Grid). 367 Num of Slices in Grid: 16-bit 369 This field represents the total number of slices in the band. 370 The value in this field determines the number of 32-bitmap words 371 required for the grid. 373 Bit map (Word): 32-bit 375 Each bit in the 32-bitmap word represents a particular slice 376 with a value of 1 or 0 to indicate whether for that slice 377 reservation is required (1) or not (0). Bit position zero in 378 the first word represents the first slice in the band (Grid) 379 and corresponds to the value indicated in the "n_start of 380 Grid" field. 382 o Option B: Encode super-channel label as a list of start and end 383 slice numbers corresponding to N groups of contiguous slices with 384 each group denoted by its starting and ending slice number 385 (e.g., "n_start_1" and "n_end_1" represent contiguous slices in 386 group#1, "n_start 2" and "n_end 2" in group#2, ..., "n_start N" 387 and "n_end N" in group#N). 389 0 1 2 3 391 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 393 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ 395 | Super-Channel Id (16-bit) |Grid | C.S. | Reserved (9-bit)| 397 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ 399 | Reserved (16-bit) | Number of Entries(16-bit) | 401 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ 403 |n_start_1(contiguous group #1) | n_end_1(contiguous group #1) | 405 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ 406 |n_start_2(contiguous group #2) | n_end_2(contiguous group #2) | 408 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ 410 | | 412 | ... | 414 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ 416 |n_start_N (contiguous group #N) | n_end_N (contiguous group#N | 418 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ 420 Where: 422 Super-Channel Id, Grid, and C.S fields are same as described 423 earlier in option A. 425 Number of Entries: 16-bit 427 This field represents the number of 32-bit entries in the 428 super-channel label (i.e., number of groups with contiguous 429 slices). For example, in the case of a super-channel with 430 contiguous optical spectrum, this field should have a value of 1 431 (indicating one group of contiguous slices). 433 n_start_i (i=1,2,...N): 16 bits 435 n_end_i (i=1,2,...N): 16 bits 437 A super-channel with contiguous or non-contiguous optical 438 spectrum can be represented by N groups of slices where two 439 adjacent groups can be contiguous or non-contiguous however each 440 group contains contiguous slices. Each group is denoted by 441 n_start_i (which indicates the lowest or starting 12.5 GHz slice 442 number of the group) and n_end_i (which indicates the highest or 443 ending 12.5 GHz slice number of the group). "n_start_i" and 444 "n_end_i" are two's-complement integer that can take either a 445 positive, negative, or zero value. 447 Both options allow efficient encoding of super-channel label with 448 contiguous and non-contiguous slices. Option A yields a fixed length 449 format while option B a variable length format. Option A is 450 relatively simpler, more flexible, however, might be less compact 451 than option B for encoding super-channel with contiguous optical 452 spectrum. In contrast, option B provides a very compact 453 representation for super-channels with contiguous optical spectrum, 454 however, might be less flexible in encoding super-channels with 455 arbitrary non-contiguous set of slices. 457 4. Security Considerations 459 461 5. IANA Considerations 463 IANA needs to assign a new Grid field value to represent ITU-T Flex- 464 Grid. 466 6. References 468 6.1. Normative References 470 [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate 471 Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. 473 [RFC3471] Berger, L., Ed., "Generalized Multi-Protocol Label 474 Switching (GMPLS) Signaling Functional Description", RFC 475 3471, January 2003. 477 [RFC6205] Otani, T., Ed., "Generalized Labels for Lambda-Switch- 478 Capable (LSC) Label Switching Routers", RFC 6205, March 479 2011. 481 [RFC6163] Lee, Y., Ed., "Framework for GMPLS and Path Computation 482 Element (PCE) Control of Wavelength Switched Optical 483 Networks (WSONs)", RFC 6163, April 2011 485 6.2. Informative References 487 [1] Gringeri, S., Basch, B. Shukla,V. Egorov, R. and Tiejun J. 488 Xia, "Flexible Architectures for Optical Transport Nodes and 489 Networks", IEEE Communications Magazine, July 2010, pp. 40-50 491 [2] M. Jinno et. al., "Spectrum-Efficient and Scalable Elastic 492 Optical Path Network: Architecture, Benefits and Enabling 493 Technologies", IEEE Comm. Mag., Nov. 2009, pp. 66-73. 495 [3] S. Chandrasekhar and X. Liu, "Terabit Super-Channels for High 496 Spectral Efficiency Transmission",in Proc. ECOC 2010, paper 497 Tu.3.C.5, Torino (Italy), September 2010. 499 [4] ITU-T Recommendation G.694.1, "Spectral grids for WDM 500 applications: DWDM frequency grid", June 2002 502 [5] [4] "Finisar to Demonstrate Flexgrid(TM) WSS Technology at 503 ECOC 2010", press release. 505 7. Acknowledgments 507 509 Appendix A. Super-Channel Label Format Example 511 Suppose node A and Node Z are super-channel switching capable and 512 node A receives a request for establishing a 1 Tbps optical LSP from 513 itself to node Z. Assume the super-channel requires a "contiguous" 514 spectral bandwidth of 200 GHz with left-edge frequency of 191.475 515 THz for the left-most 12.5 GHz slice and left-edge frequency of 516 191.6625 THz for the right-most slice. This means n_start = (191.475 517 - 193.1)/0.0125 = -130 and n_end = (191.6625 - 193.1)/0.0125 = -115 518 (i.e. we need 16 slices of 12.5 GHz starting from slice number -130 519 and ending at slice number -115). 521 Node A signals the LSP via a Path message including a super-channel 522 label format encoding option B defined in section 3.3: 524 0 1 2 3 526 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 528 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ 530 | Super-Channel Id (16-bit) |Grid | C.S. | Reserved (9-bit)| 532 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ 534 | Reserved (16-bit) | Number of Entries(16-bit) | 536 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ 538 |n_start_1 (contiguous group #1) | n_end_1(contiguous group #1) | 540 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ 542 Where: 544 Super-Channel Id = 1 : super-channel number 1 546 Number of Entries: 1 548 Grid = xx : ITU-T Flex-Grid 550 C.S. = 4 : 12.5 GHz slices 552 n_start_1 = -130 : left-most 12.5 GHz slice number for group 1 554 n_end_1 = -115 : Right-most 12.5 GHz slice number for group 1 556 Authors' Addresses 558 Iftekhar Hussain 559 Infinera 560 140 Caspian Ct., Sunnyvale, CA 94089 562 Email: ihussain@infinera.com 564 Abinder Dhillon 565 Infinera 566 140 Caspian Ct., Sunnyvale, CA 94089 568 Email: adhillon@infinera.com 570 Zhong Pan 571 Infinera 572 140 Caspian Ct., Sunnyvale, CA 94089 574 Email: zpan@infinera.com 576 Marco Sosa 577 Infinera 578 140 Caspian Ct., Sunnyvale, CA 94089 580 Email: msosa@infinera.com